Development of Automatic Sunlight Tracking System

Development of Automatic sunlight Tracking clayCreations Automatic constitution of Tracking for Independent Concentrators of SunlightJ.Z.Akhadov1,*, A.A.Abdurahmanov1, M.S.Payzullaxanov1, A.A.Kuchkrov1, M.A.Mamatqosimov1, I.M.Saydumarov2, F.A.Giyasova2, T.S.Saidvaliev1Abstract The new type of the solar gauge working by means of icon diodes SV-256 is develop. Thus trueness of management of solar concentrators reception processes heated pair for development electricity and heat, and as well hydrogen in a focal zone of concentrating systems only provides. It was shown, that the system of trailing create by us heliostat for trajectory the Sun has high the true. Linear changes of the substance of a stain in kinetics makes only 2 mm that corresponds 30-80 be given to irregulars. Such accuracy of trailing allows carrying verboten high-temperature researches in a focal zone of the concentrator.Keywords solarPower Installation, Automatic System of Tracking, solar Energy, the Solar Independent Combined Installation1. Mirror Concentrating Systems ace of problems of beingness of concentrators of sunlight this sustenance of their orientation after visible front man of the Sun. Generally the problem of orientation of mirror concentrating systems (MCS) consists in sustenance of its much(prenominal) spatial position at which reflected from MCS beams constantly move on the pass telephone imbiber (see fig. 1).Figure 1. The Basic Scheme System of Tracking of Independent Solar Installations (The Sun- The Concentrator The Receiver)1.1. Tracking SystemsTill now are practically investigated accuracy of introduce MCS by means of optical gauges, including the size tolerance zones or a dead zone, together with accuracy the bring ins provided with optical gauges, and also as a whole is investigated dynamics of change of corners of orientation MCS (including heliostat) indoors twenty-four hours and year, especially in the presence of overcast 1.The problem co nsists that such(prenominal) solar gauges already grows old and non where in the world is not issued such gauges. Proceeding from it we developed new systems of tracking for solar installations with accuracy 1 angle/min. Such system of tracking copes very conveniently and easily.There are the hobby primary goals of orientation connected with deuce basic operating modes of system MCS the murderer. In the first scheme the receiver is established on MCS and moves together with it the mode of direct tracking and the second scheme the receiver is not connected with MCS and is normally motionless so-called heliostat operating mode MCS/1/.The literature analysis 2-3 shows, that generally for creation of ascendence systems by orientation (tracking systems) both on the first and on the second following data are necessary for schemesThe equation of strawman of object (in this case the equation of visible movement of the Sun)A rank kinematic, dynamic, mechanical and accuracy characte ristics of the rotary devices depending on their constructive scheme rattling knowledge demanded accuracy and dynamic characteristics of control system MCS.Thus tracking systems can be divided on automatic and the programs the operated. The automated control system of tracking to classify to various signs to destination, accuracy, a scope, an action prescript etc.The basic problem consists that for individual using of case-by-case solar installations is necessary simple system of tracking of the concentrator for the sun that not well-educated what automatics and the computer any person operated system. For this purpose, the automated control systems of tracking of independent solar concentrators have developed the new scheme system of tracking by means of photo diodes SV-256 (fig. 2).Figure 2. certain the Block of guidance of Orientations MCS and Developed Solar the suppose on the Basis of Photo Diodes SV-256For maintenance specified supra functions of management by orientation MCS should include following subsystems the solar gauge, the executive mechanism providing turns MCS and including a reducer, a drive (electric motor) a control system including the block truly of management and the converter of signals, carrying surface transformation and giving of signals on intensifying and executive mechanisms.2. Solar GaugeThe primary goal which the solar gauge as it has been specified above should carry out is binding MCS and its axes of rotation to local geographical to ordinates concerning which the righteousness of movement of object of tracking (in our case of the Sun) can be usually certain. Developed by us the solar gauge consists of 4 photo diodes which is established one plate and divided into 4 blocks.2.1. Solar InstallationsThe developed automatic system of tracking of concentrators about accuracy 1 angle/min. also it is conducted tests in 1500 and 5000 W them solar installations. In further the developed system ordain be used in parabolic pisto n chamber the concentrator the size 1010 (fig.3).Figure 3. A photo of the Developed Concentrator in diameter of 6 mThe offered automated control system of tracking of independent solar concentrators with the new scheme of systems of tracking by means of photo diodes SV-256 has accuracy 30-80 angle. To seconds, tests are spent to 1,5 and 5 kW solar installations.2.2. ModelsThe solar force out plant thermal capacity 1500 W consists from heliostatsand the sunlight concentrator. Heliostat directs solar beams on the concentrator in parallel in horizontal an axis. The parabolic concentrator reflects solar beams in focus. The tracking system is necessary for maintenance in focus of the concentrator of a stable power stream of a solar energy heliostat for the sun with high accuracy. Power light mental picture of a focal zone of the concentrator it is possible allows to synthesize materials, and also to receive overheated steam for reception electric and thermal energy 4.If the receiver ha s rather big thermal inertia its thermal mode will be close to stationary and development of energy or converter efficiency will be defined by an average out for the stay arrival of energy 5.In a dynamic mode an average for the utmost value of density of energy efin a focal brain A on an element of surface N, equally (1)where, density of a direct solar stream.With certain degree of approach the average for the period in a dynamic mode can be considered a system condition as some static condition in aim position, but with the seeming, effective parameter of accuracy heft. In effect, around in all cases of natural research of solar power plants their power parameters resulted frequently without references to accuracy of tracking and considered as objective (that is received at exact by adjust on a source), carry actually effective (dynamic) character.On fig. 4. a, b are shown experimental works a deviation of the center of a stain from a focal particular Ain working condition s of system of tracking heliostat on a day trajectory of the Sun. As shows the analysis at such accuracy of tracking heliostat on the Sun trajectory, the deviation of the center of a stain from a focal point essentially does not change (fig. 5).a) b)Figure 4. Changes of a Stain in a Focal Zone 1,5 W the Solar Furnace.Figure 5. Dependence of an Angular Deviation of a Stain on a Corner of Disclosing of The Concentrator at Various Linear Deviations3. ConclusionsExperimental and dependency works have shown that the system of tracking developed by us heliostat for trajectory the Sun has high accuracy (figs 4 and 5). Linear changes of the center of a stain in dynamics makes only 2 mm that corresponds 30 80 angle to seconds. Such accuracy of tracking allows carrying out high-temperature researches in a focal zone of the concentrator.